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Does the Big Bang Pass the 4 LAWS OF ENTROPY Test?

The four laws of thermodynamics are the final authority experimentally, as to whether something is true or false. Laws of this or other aspect of nature are good in falsifying this or that metaphysical claim, but the laws of thermodynamics exist on a more fundamental plane. Since everything in the Cosmos is by definition, made of baryonic matter, thermodynamics is vital to the function of all baryonic matter! This means thermodynamic laws hold the enviable role of affecting all baryonic substances and processes. Thus, they are the ultimate test of the validity of any theory or claim regarding the Cosmos. That is why Arthur Eddington said: "f your theory is found to be against the second law of thermodynamics I can give you no hope; there is nothing for it but to collapse in deepest humiliation." Having understood the oversized role that the laws of thermodynamics play in establishing of all the scientific statutes that regulate our universe, we will briefly summarize the main ideas of each law below, to jog our memories. Then supply a definition of the law below that. We start with the most fundamental of the laws, the zeroth law of thermodynamics.

The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics:

The zeroth law has to do with how to establish temperature. The first thing to note is that this cannot be measured in a solitary object, because objects "do not contain heat," as Professor clearly puts it. I will let him explain further below:

Thus temperature cannot be measured directly! To measure temperature we must use a system of at least three components and measure their relationships regarding heat transfer and the reaching of thermal equilibrium. The zeroth law forms that 3 component-based reference system of measurements, and is expressed as:

And again ...

Moreover,

The "key point" as Dr Robitaille puts it is that temperature is property which must be common to multiple objects - hence a system is required to establish it. We also affirm immediately from this law, that the system of references needs at least three components to work - A, B and C. Keep that in mind, it will be useful later on. The feature of the zeroth law that falsifies the Big Bang is that it established temperature as an intensive property of a system! What does that mean? Systems have one of two types of properties: intensive, and extensive. Intensive properties are ones that don't depend on the mass of the object. They will stay the same whether there is a lot of the object or small amounts, and include things like colour and temperature. If you have a gold bar, it has a certain colour. If you cut in half, both new half-sized bars will still have the same colour. The same is true if the property being measured was temperature! Extensive properties are ones that change depending on how much matter is present. The easiest extensive property you might have guessed from that definition is mass itself! Volume and entropy are also extensive properties for similarly obvious reasons. The wonderful thing about the zeroth law is that it allowed humans to understand that the most fundamental of all the concepts of thermodynamics, temperature, is an intensive property!

And ...

By why is the fact that temperature is an "intensive property" of any interest to us? Because in formulating metaphysical speculations, this is one of the laws of thermodynamics that evolutionary cosmologists must run afoul of. You cannot create non-physical concepts and have them fit will all the guidelines of physical reality. And failure to define the intensive nature of temperature is a sure telltale sign, of metaphysical shenanigans!

To what aspect of the Big Bang Theory does it apply? The one we have just covered - gravitational collapse. Our last foray into that subject was just based on reasoning logically about its claimed behaviour versus what we know about the laws that regulate those behaviours. Now we will compare it the the most fundamental law that governs all natural baryonic behaviour - the mighty zeroth law. This will involve a mathematical formula, but we will not need to calculate anything as we only want to assess what the formula says about the temperature of a spontaneously collapsing gas cloud. Do the claims of the Big Bang cosmic evolution hold up? Do not be scared. It's very simple. I told you I would make it so that a clever 8 year old would understand everything. Step by step. We start with expressing the final form of the relevant equation and highlighting its variables of interest to us:

RT = GM2/5 r

We are interested in T for temperature and small r for the radius of the gas cloud. To see that relationship more clearly, let us isolate T for temperature on the left hand side, by dividing both sides by T, resulting in,

T = GM2/5rR

We now have the equation in the same simple inverse form as with our earlier example of Boyle's Law, where p & 1/V. The reason we do not have to concern ourselves with the rest of the terms is that they are not variable. They are all constants. G is the gravitational constant; M is the mass, which is unchanging if we are talking about an isolated gas cloud in Space; and big R is the gas constant. So the only factors we have to consider are the dynamics ones T and r. And it is the relationship between them in the supposed scenario of a spontaneously collapsing gas cloud that we are interested in. There are several conclusions we can draw from measuring the claims of Big Bang cosmologists against the 0th, 1st and 2nd laws of thermodynamics.

The relevant point about the zeroth law has, as you might have guessed, to do with how this metaphysical equation defines temperature. Does it define it correctly as an intensive property, or does it incorrectly define it as an extensive property? To find out we follow Robitaille's proof taken from 6:27 in his video to 6:49. He derives an alternate form of the equation where the radius - small r - is expressed as a form of mass, resulting in:

T = GM2/5R3√CM

In this form its temperature T on the left, which is an intensive property is defined by one variable, mass - which, of course is an extensive property. In that definition we find a violation of the zeroth law of thermodynamics, that dictates that temperature is always an intensive property! Robitaille correctly concludes:

THE ZEROTH LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS DEFINES TEMPERATURE AS AN INTENSIVE PROPERTY. ANY PROCESS THAT DEFINES IT AS AN EXTENSIVE PROPERTY IS THUS A VIOLATION OF PHYSICS & AMOUNTS TO METAPHYSICAL SPECULATION - NOT REALITY

We move on to how the gravitational collapse violates the first law of thermodynamics.

The First Law of Thermodynamics:

The first law was exciting to discover, because it had to do with something very fundamental: the concept of energy itself. The first law of thermodynamics is an expression of the principle of conservation of energy, as it relates to thermodynamic processes. Due to that principle, the total energy of an isolated system does not change.

As Kathy Joseph explains "The first law says that energy can be transformed from one object to another or from one form to another ... but the total energy remains the same."* (How the Laws of Thermodynamics Ended Up in "The Wiz" - 2:16 to 2:28) That is the first law. How do those facts impact our investigation vis a vie the collapsing isolated gas cloud claims of the Big Bang Theory? Directly!

In gravitational collapse, the shrinking volume of the gas cloud is variable and thus affects the only other variable, T - the temperature - as we have already shown. Let us restate that equation, highlighting the relevant variables in contrasting colours to emphasize their inverse relationship:

T = GM2/5 r R

We remember that the definition of an inverse relationship between two entities, is that when one goes up the other goes down, and when one goes down, the other goes up. So what happens as the radius of the gas cloud shrinks down to being a star? The temperature must go up! And that's where the theory hits a wall. Robitaille makes the case very simply:

Remember our earlier definition that every engine - or mechanism for doing work - needs three components to function: an energy source, a piston to effect the work, and a heat sink for the waste heat. If the system is compressed by the piston, then the surroundings are doing work on the system. If the system expands, then the system is doing work on its surroundings. The point of contact between the system and its surroundings is effectively the piston. In the fairytale scenario dreamed up by evolutionary cosmologists, the isolated gas cloud in deep Space collapses in on itself, essentially meaning the surroundings are doing work on it. But there are no surroundings! The gas cloud is in empty Space! Making it a closed system. And we know that the energy of a closed system remains constant. We have already ruled out gravity as the mechanism for the collapsing of the gas cloud, so what is effecting the collapse? What is pushing the gas cloud down into a smaller volume? Nothing. Because gas clouds do not spontaneously collapse. That, as Robitaille points out would be a violation of the first law, because new energy is being added to a closed system. Remember Professor Dave's contribution to our discussion:

Did you catch that? That is why a closed system which can raise its own temperature is a violation of the first law of thermodynamics! Because energy cannot be created or destroyed. But rising temperatures mean rising energy. Where did the new energy come from, if the system is closed, and does not allow energy and matter to come in or leave? Every gas cloud in the deep Space is classified as a closed system. Conclusion:

GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE IS FALSE BECAUSE IT INVOKES A CLOSED SYSTEM WHICH CAN INCREASE ITS OWN TEMPERATURE. BUT TEMPERATURE IS A MEASUREMENT OF INTERNAL ENERGY, MEANING A SPONTANEOUS INCREASE IN TEMPERATURE IS AN INCREASE IN ENERGY, WHICH VIOLATES THE 1ST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS: ENERGY CANNOT BE CREATED OR DESTROYED!

I told you earlier that scientifically speaking Phlogiston Theory and Oxygen and the establishment of Chemistry looked like equally viable theories in the absence of evidence. But once the evidence accumulates it always accumulates on one side! This means a false theory will be proven false in all its major premises. Thus as the dominoes continue to fall for the Big Bang Theory, we now consider how it fails the test of the second law of thermodynamics.

The Second Law of Thermodynamics:

Again, we start with a short summary of the law to jog our memories and then follow with a short statement of the law itself. The second law is all about Entropy and how it affects the universe. Since every process involves an irreversible increase in entropy, the entropy generated by all baryonic processes must increase and never decrease - giving rise to the current most quoted form of the second law:

INDEED! For ...

"How many ways can I break one fundamental law? Let us count them" I'm paraphrasing, but the Shakespearian dramatics are appropriate to the Big Bang and its many transgressions against common sense and the "known laws of physics!" The known laws of physics! It simply boggles the mind. Let us get to it. At the end of his tutorial video about entropy - The Second Law of Thermodynamics: Heat Flow, Entropy, and Microstates - Professor Dave, as is his habit, asks 3 questions to test comprehension. The questions were: "For each example, state whether the process is accompanied by an increase or decrease in entropy for the system." 1) A brand new deck of cards is shuffled. 2) Dew condenses on a leaf 3) A porcelain vase shatters on the ground. What would your answers to each be? The answers, of course, are 1) Increase 2) Decrease and 3) Increase. All we have to do is understand which state was more or less disorganized, which while not at precise as Clausius' method is a good shorthand for how entropy can be understood. Now, let's apply that clear reasoning to what we now already know is a metaphysical gas cloud in empty space. Is the process of gravitational collapse "accompanied by an increase of decrease in entropy for the system?" Well, the scenario is exactly like that for question 2 above: it is comparable to dew condensing on a leaf, in that the molecules or atoms in the system go from a less to a more ordered arrangement. In the case of the dew they pass a phase transition from gas to liquid called "condensation" as we already know. The gas cloud, though it is purported to stay in the same phase of matter - gaseous - is similarly going through a decrease in entropy because once wildly scattered gas atoms are being organized into an object - a highly efficient star, at that! Remember what the only factor that effects the efficiency of an engine was? The difference in temperature between the hot and cold sink! So a star is highly efficient, since Space is quite cold - the Mighty CMB is currently at about 2.7 degrees kelvin! No Ferrari engine is anywhere near as efficient as star. So gravitational collapse is claiming to be able to create a highly efficient super engine out of scattered gas particles - a feat of entropy reducing engineering, if ever there was one. But also a complete and total violation of the second law of thermodynamics!

Why can we say that? Dr. Robitaille demonstrated it with the typical example used in illustrating the principles of entropy, the same one Professor Dave used in question 1. He then goes on to to explain why such a principle governs the behaviour of closed systems, no matter how much time elapses - and why entropy never decreases in such a closed system. As you read his quote, keep firmly in mind that an isolated gas cloud in empty deep Space is a closed system:

And that is the first way gravitational collapse violates the second law of thermodynamics. But gravitational collapse is the gift that keeps on giving - so we continue counting. Remember our lesson about fridges? Fridges work in the same as gravitational collapse is supposed to. They go against the arrow of entropy by taking less ordered air and reducing its entropy by cooling it. Don't be confused by refrigerators cooling the air, and the fact that gravitational collapse increases the temperature of collapsing gas until it becomes a star. In both cases entropy is decreasing. A stove has less entropy than the mountain of iron ore from which its raw materials were taken because it more ordered. That's the defining measurement. Back to our lesson. Fridges reduce entropy locally - inside the fridge, but they do so at the expense of increasing it at a greater rate outside their local environment and so the entropy rule is maintained overall. Additionally to reduce entropy locally you need to do work. Its like rolling a ball uphill: you need to work to get a ball that rolled down a hill, back to the top. How do fridges accomplish this. Through electricity! They must be plugged in to work. They convert incoming electrical energy into outgoing thermal energy - and that requires WORK! How does the closed system of the gas cloud do this? Nobody knows! Such are the wonders of metaphysical cosmology:

That is empirical evidence. But we also have observational evidence based on the second law. Why does milk in your coffee never unmix itself? For the same reason the Ideal Gas Law insists that a gas expands to fill a void, because that is the arrow of entropy. A gas filling its container evenly is the greatest entropy it can have in that environment, and thus the behaviour it will exhibit:

And so we have another, observational way, in which a closed collapsing gas system breaks with the laws of thermodynamics. However, the never ending gift giving of untethered metaphysical speculation doesn't stop there. We remember that all work in the baryonic realm requires two heat reservoirs: a hot energy source; and a cool heat sink! However, our closed system gas cloud has no heat sink for the work needed to collapse it. Such a system would give off heat into its surroundings through photons as it is a gas, but Robitaille points out a discrepancy:

So, not only is gravitational collapse an impossible perpetual machine in one way, but in two! Having you been keeping count. Gravitational collapse breaks the second law of thermodynamics in three empirical ways - and one observational way. Have you ever heard the phrase "three strikes and you're out?" These three strikes are in addition to it also violating the zeroth and first laws of thermodynamics, and observational data. Think again of our jenga tower. At the very bottom was the now debunked Kirchhoff's law, followed closely by the universality established by Planck's application of Kirchhoff's law - now also debunked. And somewhere up above that, sits the Solar Model of star formation and its ill conceived metaphysical speculation of gravitational collapse. But its gets worse because somewhere above that sits you and your beliefs! For the majority of people who will ever read this blog, the standard model of cosmology - with its Big Bangs, Inflaton fields, hot gas soups, collapsing gas clouds and humans made from stardust - is the foundation on which their lives and their worldview are built. Whether consciously or unconsciously is immaterial! For instance everyone who believes in evolutionary biology - that humans evolved - also believes in the cosmic evolution that we have so thoroughly debunked. The two are nested fantasies. Evolutionary biology is a downstream speculation of evolutionary cosmology! As such, a majority of people's lives are no more secure than a block of wood, high in the stacking order of a collapsing jenga tower! Are you one of them? Choices have consequences. What thoughts and beliefs are the foundations that underwrite your life based on? Have you ever reasoned on them? Or did you accept them wholesale as an inheritance from your parents?

I once heard a story of a woman who was teaching her daughter how to cook roast. Every time they prepared the dish, the mother would cut of a piece of the roast, the top left corner and throw it away. One day her daughter asked her, "why do we always throw away a chunk of roast?" The mother said she didn't know! That's just how her own mother had taught her to cook it. Disturbed, she went and asked her mother why she had always cut a piece of roast when preparing the meal? Her mother said: "Because I didn't have proper sized pots, and the roast never fit, so I used to cut a piece of so it would fit." Do you know why you believe the things you believe? Can you build your life from the ground up to your everyday existence using first principles? Let me ask that question from the opposite end: can you trace your everyday life back to the beginning - to some first cause? Or have you outsourced that to Intellectuals? Content to bet your life on the metaphysical speculations of "no-skin-in-the-game" end of empire stage career academics, whose sole ambition is to secure a livelihood of coming up with endless ideas obtained by means of tertiary qualifications? Good luck with that!

Are you "nowhere?" Or, are you somewhere? We list our further conclusions below:

THE ENTROPY OF ANY CLOSED SYSTEM CAN ONLY INCREASE. AN ISOLATED GAS CLOUD IN OUTER SPACE IS JUST SUCH A CLOSED SYSTEM & CAN THUS NOT UNDERGO GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE - A PROCESS THAT WOULD DECREASE ITS ENTROPY - NO MATTER HOW MUCH TIME PASSES

TEMPERATURE IS A MEASURE OF THE INTERNAL ENERGY OF A SYSTEM. A COLLAPSING CLOSED SYSTEM OF GAS THAT RAISES ITS TEMPERATURE IN THE PROCESS IS A VIOLATION OF THE 1ST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS WHICH PROHIBITS THE CREATION OF ENERGY

IT REQUIRES WORK TO CONVERT ONE FORM OF ENERGY INTO ANOTHER. SUCH WORK CANNOT BE DONE WITHOUT A HEAT SINK. GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE OF A GAS CLOUD DOES NOT EMIT PHOTONS & THUS VIOLATES THE 2ND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

THE FOUNDATIONS OF YOUR WORLDVIEW DETERMINE THE CHOICES YOU MAKE - EITHER FOR GOOD, OR FOR BAD - & THEIR IMMINENT CONSEQUENCES

The Third Law of Thermodynamics:

Lastly, the third law, deals with Absolute zero, and explains why there is a lower limit to temperature!

It is true that Lord Kelvin's law about absolute zero is about the lowest temperature for baryonic matter, and one that can never be reached by baryonic matter. But do you remember how he got to -273.15 degrees? Recall that there was no freezing technology back them to achieve that result experimentally. In deed, because that temperature is theoretically impossible to reach, even today it has never been reached. Current experiments keep getting closer and closer, but it is an unreachable temperature through a finite number of steps. The answer is that he analyzed the data that had been meticulously collected by other scientists in the field and he extrapolated past the current database of results to a theoretical point of absolute zero. Other scientists had discovered that gases contracted by a set margin for every degree of heat lost. So, he cleverly continued this trend down until he came to a theoretical point where all movement in elements ceased. This point he named "absolute zero," Absolute zero on the kelvin scale is -273.15 degrees on the Celsius scale; and -459.67 on the Fahrenheit scale. All good.

Now, do you understand clearly why experiments will keep getting closer and closer to absolute zero, but never quite reach it? They are getting close, but they will never reach it. As of 03 March 2022 Popular Mechanics reported that:

That's tantalizingly close, but not there! And so it will ever be! Why? The key phrase appeared earlier: "through a finite number of steps." There is no single step which will take you all the way there. Therefore you need multiple finite steps, but by definition, each finite step is limited in how far it can take you, since there is no single step that can take you to absolute zero. See the conundrum? Having understood that, let us see what the lower limit of temperature can tell us about its higher limit! I don't know what the upper temperature limit of baryonic matter is. But what I do know is that it cannot be infinity for reasons we will shortly thoroughly detail in a review of an article by Steve Patterson, on the impossibility of actual infinities. Absolute zero is a theoretical temperature and not a physically possible temperature. In the same way infinities are theoretical, but do not actually exist. Such theoretical extremes can never be reached through a finite number of steps. Similarly actual infinite temperatures cannot exist, and theoretically you cannot climb down from them. (This will soon be explained in detail in an upcoming section.) If you divided an infinite temperature by 2 an infinite number of times, you would still get infinity. You cannot escape it. Hence, an understanding of the zeroth law works theoretically for understanding not only the lower limit of possible temperatures, but also the higher limit. There is no such thing as infinite temperature, as it claimed for the singularity at the Big Bang. Once again the brilliant Feynman:

Of course physical law is right. Therefore the proposition is wrong! We conclude:

THERE ARE NO SUCH THINGS AS ACTUAL INFINITIES. A FINITE NUMBER OF OPERATIONS CANNOT BE APPLIED TO EFFECTIVELY REDUCE INFINITE PROPERTIES

EITHER THE CURRENT THEORY OF PHYSICS WITH ITS METAPHYSICAL CONCEPTS OF ACTUAL INFINITIES IS WRONG, OR PHYSICAL EXISTENCE IS WRONG. BUT SINCE YOU & I EXIST - IT IS THE PHYSICAL THEORY WHICH IS WRONG

THE ZEROTH LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS DEFINES TEMPERATURE AS AN INTENSIVE PROPERTY. ANY PROCESS THAT DEFINES IT AS AN EXTENSIVE PROPERTY IS THUS A VIOLATION OF PHYSICS & AMOUNTS TO METAPHYSICAL SPECULATION - NOT REALITY

GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE IS FALSE BECAUSE IT INVOKES A CLOSED SYSTEM WHICH CAN INCREASE ITS OWN TEMPERATURE. BUT TEMPERATURE IS A MEASUREMENT OF INTERNAL ENERGY, MEANING A SPONTANEOUS INCREASE IN TEMPERATURE IS AN INCREASE IN ENERGY, WHICH VIOLATES THE 1ST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS: ENERGY CANNOT BE CREATED OR DESTROYED!

THE ENTROPY OF ANY CLOSED SYSTEM CAN ONLY INCREASE. A GAS CLOUD IN OUTER SPACE IS JUST SUCH A CLOSED SYSTEM & CAN THUS NOT UNDERGO GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE - A PROCESS THAT WOULD DECREASE ITS ENTROPY - NO MATTER HOW MUCH TIME PASSES

TEMPERATURE IS A MEASURE OF THE INTERNAL ENERGY OF A SYSTEM. A COLLAPSING CLOSED SYSTEM OF GAS THAT RAISES ITS TEMPERATURE IN THE PROCESS IS A VIOLATION OF THE 1ST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS WHICH PROHIBITS THE CREATION OF ENERGY

IT REQUIRES WORK TO CONVERT ONE FORM OF ENERGY INTO ANOTHER. SUCH WORK CANNOT BE DONE WITHOUT A HEAT SINK. GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE OF A GAS CLOUD DOES NOT EMIT PHOTONS & THUS VIOLATES THE 2ND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

THE FOUNDATIONS OF YOUR WORLDVIEW DETERMINE THE CHOICES YOU MAKE - EITHER FOR GOOD, OR FOR BAD - & THEIR IMMINENT CONSEQUENCES

THERE ARE NO SUCH THINGS AS ACTUAL INFINITIES. A FINITE NUMBER OF OPERATIONS CANNOT BE APPLIED TO EFFECTIVELY REDUCE INFINITE PROPERTIES

EITHER THE CURRENT THEORY OF PHYSICS WITH ITS METAPHYSICAL CONCEPTS OF ACTUAL INFINITIES IS WRONG, OR PHYSICAL EXISTENCE IS WRONG. BUT SINCE YOU & I EXIST - IT IS THE PHYSICAL THEORY WHICH IS WRONG